Химический элемент Нобелий
No
Нобелий
| Группа | Актиниды | Температура плавления | 827 ° С, 1521 ° F, 1100 К |
| Период | 7 | Точка кипения | Неизвестно |
| Блокировать | ж | Плотность (г см -3 ) | Неизвестно |
| Атомный номер | 102 | Относительная атомная масса | [259] |
| Состояние при 20 ° C | Твердый | Ключевые изотопы | 259 Нет |
| Электронная конфигурация | [Rn] 5f 1 4 7s 2 | Количество CAS | 10028-14-5 |
Использование и свойства элемента Нобелий
Image explanation
Nobelium is named after Alfred Nobel. The image features a Japanese ideograph (or virtue word) with various meanings including ‘master teacher’ and ‘noble’ - a pun on the origin of the element’s name. The background features imagery suggestive of particle ‘trails’ like those produced when radiation passes through a cloud chamber.
Appearance
Nobelium is a radioactive metal. Only a few atoms have ever been made. Its half-life is only 58 minutes.
Uses
Nobelium has no uses outside research.
Biological role
Nobelium has no known biological role. It is toxic due to its radioactivity.
Natural abundance
Nobelium is made by bombarding curium with carbon in a device called a cyclotron.
История химического элемента Нобелий
This element’s history is one of controversy. In 1956, a team led by Georgy Flerov at the Institute of Atomic Energy, Moscow, synthesised element 102 by bombarding plutonium with oxygen and got atoms of element 102, isotope-252. However, they did not report their success.
In 1957, the Nobel Institute of Physics in Stockholm announced isotope-253 which had been made by bombarding curium with carbon. Then in 1958, Albert Ghiorso at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) claimed isotope-254, also made by bombarding curium with carbon. These claims were challenged by the Russians.
In 1962-63, the Russian Joint Institute of Nuclear Research, based at Dubna, synthesised isotopes 252 to 256. Ghiorso still insisted his group were the first to discover element 102, and so began years of recrimination, finally ending in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemists deciding in favour of the Russians being the discoverers.
Химические свойства
| Atomic radius, non-bonded (Å) | 2.46 | Covalent radius (Å) | 1.76 |
| Electron affinity (kJ mol−1) | Unknown | Electronegativity (Pauling scale) | Unknown |
| Ionisation energies (kJ mol−1) | 1st 641.632nd -3rd-4th -5th -6th -7th -8th- |
Состояния окисления и изотопы Нобелий
| Commonoxidation states | 3, 2 | ||||
| Isotopes | Isotope | Atomic mass | Natural abundance (%) | Half life | Mode of decay |
| 259No | 259.101 | - | 58 m | α | |
| - | EC | ||||
| - | sf |
Данные о давлении и температуре
| Specific heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1) | Unknown | Young's modulus (GPa) | Unknown | |||||||
| Shear modulus (GPa) | Unknown | Bulk modulus (GPa) | Unknown | |||||||
| Vapour pressure | ||||||||||
| Temperature (K) | 40060080010001200140016001800200022002400 | |||||||||
| 400 | 600 | 800 | 1000 | 1200 | 1400 | 1600 | 1800 | 2000 | 2200 | 2400 |
| Pressure (Pa) | ----------- | |||||||||
| - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |